C211/H211: Introduction to Computer Science
Lab 1: Getting started Lab 2: The design recipe
Lab 2: The design recipe
Lab 2: The design recipe
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On this page:
1 Designing functions 2 Composing functions 3 Food truck
4 Extra fun
Important Note: Whenever you write a function in this class, you need to follow the design recipe. In particular, every type mentioned in a signature must be introduced by a data definition, except for these well- known types: Number, Image, String, Color.
moar steps
1 Designingfunctions
To practice the design recipe, let’s re-do some exercises from Problem set 2: Robert Indiana. Refer to your work on it, and feel free to ask questions about it as always.
Exercise 1. Design a function cube that takes a number as input and returns its cube. Write at least two examples using check-expect.
Exercise 2. Design a function diamond that takes a string and returns an image of it inside a circle inside a diamond. Write at least two examples using check-expect.
Hint: When the expected output of your example needs to be an image, make it in a separate DrRacket tab, so that the incomplete program in your main tab doesn’t interfere with getting the image right. Then, copy back to the main tab not the produced image but the expression you used to produce the image. Saving the expression in your example will help you come up with the definition of the function.
Exercise 3. Design a function arrow that takes two colors and returns an image of an arrow of the first given color inside a circle of the second given color. Write at least two examples using check-expect.
2 Composingfunctions
Exercise 4. Design a function diptych that takes two strings and returns an image of them side-by-side, each inside a circle inside a diamond. Write at least two examples using check-expect.
Use your diamond function and the beside function provided by the 2htdp/image library; pay attention to their signatures:
; diamond : String -> Image
; beside : Image Image -> Image
Remember that using something means putting its name in your code, so your definition of diptych should contain the name diamond, and not the names overlay or text or circle.
Exercise 5. Design a function “womb” that takes 4 colors (not 8) and returns an image made of 4 arrows with the given colors, pointing in different directions. In particular, (womb “yellow” “blue” “red” “dark green”) should produce an image like this:
Write at least two examples using check-expect. Use your arrow function, as well as the rotate, beside, and above functions provided by the 2htdp/image library; pay attention to their signatures:
; arrow : Color Color -> Image
; rotate : Number Image -> Image
; beside : Image Image -> Image
; above : Image Image -> Image
Again, using something means putting its name in your code, so your definition of womb should not contain overlay or triangle or rectangle or circle.
Exercise 6. Design a function cube-diamond that takes a number (not string) as input and returns an image of it inside a circle inside a diamond. Write at least two examples using check-expect.
Use your cube and diamond functions, as well as the built-in function number->string; pay attention to their signatures:
; cube : Number -> Number
; diamond : String -> Image
; number->string : Number -> String
Again, use cube and diamond and number->string, not * or expt or text.
3 Foodtruck
Do this section in groups of at least 2 people.
To spread love and joy, and to make a little money, you and your friends decide to open a food truck. Let’s design the menu of the food truck.
Exercise 7. Write a data definition for an Order. To start, put this in your Definitions Window: ; An Order is a Number
That’s good enough for now, but the exercises below might require you to revise this data definition. This data definition means that each customer will walk up to your food truck and shout out a number as their order. Is this number the diameter of the pizza they want, the length of the sub sandwich they want, or something else? Remember that a number doesn’t have to be an integer, so your interpretation of an Order should make sense of numbers like 2.3 as well.
Exercise 8. If your group is larger than 2 students, feel free to split up and do this exercise and the next exercise in parallel. However, it is very important that you use the same data definition for an Order.
Design a function price-order that takes an Order and returns its price (a number). Make sure that your design agrees with the data definition you wrote above for an Order.
; price-order : Order -> Number
Write at least two examples using check-expect. It’s your business, so feel free to compute the price however you want, but according to the signature, your function’s job is to return a number whenever it gets an
Exercise 9. Design a function draw-order that takes an Order and returns a crude image of the food. Make
sure that your design agrees with the data definition you wrote above for an Order. ; draw-order : Order -> Image
Write at least two examples using check-expect. It’s your business, so feel free to prepare the food however you want, but according to the signature, your function’s job is to return an image whenever it gets an
Exercise 10. What happens if you feed the number -1234567/89 to the functions you just defined? What
range or kind of numbers can your functions actually handle correctly? Revise your data definition if necessary. For example, to avoid an error message or a negative price, you might change your data definition like this:
; An Order is a Number between 1 and 12
Review your designs of price-order and draw-order to make sure that they agree with your revised data definition. In particular, every example input should be an Order.
If you like your designs, feel free to post their first few steps on Discord. Exercise 11. Go visit another group and try out their menu:
1. Read their data definition carefully, but don’t bother reading the rest of their code. 2. Make an Order. Make sure to obey their data definition for what an Order is.
3. Give your order to the draw-order function in their Interactions Window. Is it appetizing?
4. Give the same order to the price-order function in their Interactions Window. Is it worth it?
4 Extrafun
Exercise 12. Design a function vertical-triband that takes three colors as inputs and produces a vertical triband flag image that is 150 wide and 100 tall, such as the flag of France. Write at least two examples using check-expect.
Exercise 13. Some triband flags have horizontal rather than vertical bands. For example, the flag of the Netherlands has three horizontal bands, whose colors are dark red, white, and
dark blue. Use vertical-triband to design a function
horizontal-triband that takes three colors as inputs
and produces a horizontal triband flag image. Write at least two examples using check-expect.
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