CSC209 A3 Winter 2024 *

/*****************************************************************************/
/* CSCSHELL — CSC209 A3 Winter 2024 */
/* Copyright 2024 — Demetres Kostas PhD */
/* —————————————- */
/* See also: cscshell.c, parse.c, run.c */
/*****************************************************************************/

#ifndef CSCSHELL_H
#define CSCSHELL_H

#include
#include
#include
#include
#include

#include
#include
#include
#include

#include
#include #include

// Arg help
#define LONG_HELP_ARG “–help”
#define LONG_INIT_ARG “–init-file=”
#define DEFAULT_INIT “~/.cscshell_init”

// Buffer sizes
#define MAX_USER_BUF 128
#define MAX_PATH_STR 4096
#define MAX_SINGLE_LINE 4096

// Prompt config
#define PROMPT_STR “<:" // other strings and values #define PATH_VAR_NAME "PATH" #define CD "cd" #define VARIABLE_PARSE_MARKER '$' #define PARSING_START_MARKER '<' #define PARSING_END_MARKER '>‘
#define NON_ZERO_BYTE 0x42

// Error Strings
#define ERR_ARGS_MISSING “Missing init file path after argument: ‘-i’\n”
#define ERR_PATH_INIT “PATH not defined in init file %s, or not at the head \
of the variable list.”
#define ERR_PARSING_LINE “Could not parse line into commands.\n”
#define ERR_EXECUTE_LINE “Could not execute line.\n”
#define ERR_INIT_SCRIPT “Failed to run init script: %s\n”
#define ERR_VAR_START “Assignment cannot start with ‘=’ character.\n”
#define ERR_VAR_NAME “Variable names must only contain alphabetic characters and\
‘_’ chars.\n Got: %s\n”
#define ERR_NOT_PATH “Variable used for PATH is not correctly named.\n”
#define ERR_BAD_PATH “PATH directory %s invalid.\n”
#define ERR_NO_EXECU “Could not resolve executable [%s]\n”
#define ERR_VAR_USAGE “Variable could not be parsed from %s\n”
#define ERR_VAR_NOT_FOUND “Could not find variable: <%s>\n”

#define ERR_PRINT(…) fprintf(stderr, “ERROR: “);\
fprintf(stderr, __VA_ARGS__);

** Two structures for maintaining a singly-linked list of:
** 1. Shell Variables; including PATH, which is the
** first item of main variable list. Consider using
** this list structure for replacing variables used
** in a shell command as well.
** 2. Commands to execute; A single line may have only a
** single command, or may consist of multiple commands
** connected by pipes.
typedef struct Variable{
char *name;
char *value;
struct Variable *next;
} Variable;

typedef struct Command {
char *exec_path;
char **args;
struct Command *next;
uint32_t stdin_fd;
uint32_t stdout_fd;
char *redir_in_path;
char *redir_out_path;
uint8_t redir_append;
} Command;

** The following functions are provided for you in _shell.c
** You should modify them as needed, but do *not* change their signatures
** If they are marked as “COMPLETE”, do not change them!

** Parses a single line of text and returns a linked list of commands.
** The last command in the list has a next pointer that points to NULL.
** Return possibilities:
** 1. The first in a list of commands that should execute roughly
** simultaneously (see instructions for details).
** 2. NULL if successfully parsed line, with *no commands*, this happens:
** — Case 1: Empty line
** — Case 2: Line is /exclusively/ a comment (i.e. first non-whitespace
** char is ‘#’). Comments may also trail commands or assignments.
** You must handle text before ‘#’ characters.
** — Case 3: Shell variable assignment (e.g. VAR=VALUE)
** — The variable should added to the variables list
** — or updated if the variable already exists
** 3. If there is an error, returns -1 cast as a (Command *)
Command *parse_line(char *line, Variable **variables);

** WARNING: this is a challenging string parsing task.
** Creates a new line on the heap with all named variable *usages*
** replaced with their associated values.
** Returns NULL if replacement parsing had an error, or (char *) -1 if
** system calls fail and the shell needs to exit.
char *replace_variables_mk_line(const char *line,
Variable *variables);

** This function is provided for you and should not be modified.
** Implements the `cd` operation for the CSCSHELL.
** Returns 0 on success, -1 on any error encountered.
int cd_cscshell(const char *target_dir);

** This function is provided for you and should not be modified.
** Determines the correct path of the executable for a particular command.
** If PATH contains non-existent directories, it prints an error to stderr
** and ignores this directory.
** Returns:
** — A heap string with the first working path to the command_name
** *if* it is not already a sort of path.
** — Otherwise the command_name is duplicated on the heap
** — NULL if no command could be found on the path,
** or an error occurred.
char *resolve_executable(const char *command_name, Variable *path);

** Executes a single “line” of commands (through pipes)
** If a command fails, the rest of the line should not be executed.
** The error code from the last command is returned through a pointer
** to a heap integer on success. If the line is a `cd` command, the
** return value of `cd_cscshell` is stored by the heap int.
** — If there are no commands to execute, returns NULL
** — If there were any errors starting any commands,
** returns (pointer value) -1
int *execute_line(Command *head);

** Forks a new process and execs the command
** making sure all file descriptors are set up correctly.
** Parent process returns -1 on error.
** Any child processes should not return.
int run_command(Command *command);

** Executes an entire script line-by-line.
** Stops and indicates an error as soon as any line fails.
** Returns 0 on success, -1 on error
int run_script(char *file_path, Variable **root);

** Implement the following function that frees all the
** heap memory associated with a particular command.
void free_command(Command *command);

** Implement the following function that frees variable(s).
** If recursive is non-zero, recursively free an entire
** list starting at var, else just var.
void free_variable(Variable *var, uint8_t recursive);